Importance Of Efficient Territory Management In Distribution Planning Finance Essay - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 7 Words: 2034 Downloads: 2 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Finance Essay Type Argumentative essay Did you like this example? The current paper is a theoretical approach to the management of territories according to sales force, which has an important role in the realization of distribution. The central element is the way in which agents split their efforts between the activities and routes they are responsible with. A related issue is that of establishing what comes first defining the sales territory or performing the selling. The effects of the interaction between the number of distribution representatives and the delimiting of the territory they cover influence the measurement of the individual elements that contribute to achieving commercial performance. The basic elements of territory delimitation Commercial territories are delimited in order to help agents sell more efficiently. Delimitation is done by allocating a number of existing and potential clients to each distribution representative (DR) acting in a given area, usually, but not always, established on geographical criteria. The reasons for territory delimitation and the criteria according to which this is done may vary a lot from one case to another. Division into commercial territories is not required or useful in all situations. Reasons against these delimitations may occur when it comes to selling to friends or social contacts, or selling with the help of references received from other existing clients, as is the case of insurance or financial investment companies. Another reason against the existence of territories could also be the small size of the market, the reduced number of clients or DR, which does not justify such a division. Where information about potential clients or concerning the way in which a product would be received is not easily available, managers should leave the demarcation of territories for when these aspects will have been clarified. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Importance Of Efficient Territory Management In Distribution Planning Finance Essay" essay for you Create order The companies establish commercial territories out of the following reasons: To cover the whole market. Territories allow for the identification of existing or potential clients in a given area, reducing thus the likelihood of omitting some business opportunity or the overlapping of contacts and, therefore, helping to avoid excessive transport costs. To define the responsibilities of each DR more accurately. This delimitation allows an easier classification of accounts by name, number and frequency of contacts. To better adjust the selling activity to the clients needs. This is possible due to various reasons related to the respective location, such as knowledge of the local conditions and customs. Once more, similarity between distribution representatives and their potential clients may prove to be highly significant. To improve customer relations. The distribution representatives in a given area may find out more about their clients and establish a closer relation with them, visiting them regularly, a thing which represents, by itself, a time-saving source. But excessive contacts and wasting time with too many courtesy visits should be avoided. To reduce distribution expenses. The number of travels and the related costs are much more reduced if they are situated within the same area. For this reason, most of the companies insist that their distribution representatives should live in the area they cover. As means of facilitating performance evaluation. Commercial situations related to previous periods, to a plan or to some measure of the potential are easier to work out and more accurate when they refer to a well-defined territory. Sales managers can also draw comparisons between territories which could help them realize how to improve the activity of the entire sales personnel. To help the distribution representatives work. Demarcating territories supports a better coordination among the different departments of a company, between the concrete marketing and advertising activities undertaken by it, at the same time contributing to sustaining and motivating distribution representatives who thus become managers of the areas they cover. The most convincing reason is that territorial delimitation facilitates the implementation of the concept of marketing, contributing to a better identification of the clients needs and allowing for more specific actions with a view to satisfying them. In the environment in which selling and distribution take place nowadays, the ability to conduct an efficient management of territories is becoming increasingly important, this being the prerequisite for achieving optimum distribution in terms of costs. The widely accepted procedure for establishing commercial territories covers the following five phases: Phase I: Choosing the fundamental unit To better define territories, one chooses a starting point that relies on different preexisting divisions, such as economic regions. The differing population density, income differences and industrial particularities make these divisions unequal in terms of their commercial potential. Where possible, it is recommended that a smaller starting unit be established, because larger commercial areas may be subsequently created by merging several of these divisions. The market features, the distribution systems and the company reputation are factors of greater influence than the simple geographical borders. Phase II: Evaluation of accounts and commercial potential The data systems concerning markets may provide all the information required to make decisions in this respect. In the cases where exact information may be obtained about the market and clients, territory organization can be relatively easy. This involves the classification of all potential clients into different categories, such as yet unverified tracks, existing, past or future clients. The advantages of using computerized systems materialize into the ability of quickly selecting potential accounts according to a series of relevant features. Computers can also be used in storing information about the status of the accounts, their real and potential value. The majority of companies divide their accounts according to a classification of the ABC type: A = highly important accounts, B = average importance accounts, C = less important accounts. Phase III: The analysis of distribution representatives workload The agents workload is an estimate of the time and efforts required to cover the assigned geographical territory. This approximation contains the number of accounts of different types, the frequency of contacts, the time allotted to each of them, the time needed to travel among contacts, as well as the time spend with non-commercial activities. The difficulties which may arise when calculating the value of the workload include: Type of product. Fast-moving consumer goods require less explanations or demonstrations than technological products. The activity in this field is carried out recurrently, according to some well-established, almost routine patterns. There are, however, certain industrial or other special goods whose benefits require a more detailed presentation, making such visits take longer. Type of sales. Distribution representatives may deal with developing and consolidating an account which may take them more time than servicing the existing accounts. They can be faced with having to contact several persons within the same account whereas, in the other cases, they only have to meet with the actual customer. Certain types of sales require some missionary or development activity, while others may need a larger-scale promotional activity. The novelty of the products or of the market. In the case of developing products or markets, it is expected that there should be a need of longer time for each visit and less sales for each account than in the case of existing products or accounts. Accounts take time to develop and a large number of accounts means a greater workload in a developing area than is needed for achieving the same volume of sales in a well-established territory. The market share, the position and the competitive advantage of the company in the respective area. If competitors are already well positioned on the respective market, the work of distribution representatives to maintain each account will be far more difficult and will usually require more time. Most companies have a larger market share at home, that is why the task of distribution representatives is substantially more difficult when they have to work in regions away from the companys headquarters. It may happen that some agents obtain better results even in such circumstances, but this may be given rather by a greater efficiency of the distributors in the respective area than their own dealer qualities. Phase IV: Delimitation of basic territorial units The objective of this phase is to determine the commercial potential of the distribution representative assigned for a given area. This potential is, in its turn, related to the objectives of the sales staff. As in the case of sales forecasts, there are two distinct methods which may be used: the method of calculation by accumulation and the method of decomposition. The procedure is as follows: The number, size and location of customers are established, also taking into consideration their current, past and potential accounts. These accounts can be classified and grouped properly, for example according to size or other criteria. The number of contacts needed for each account, the time and frequency of visits are determined. A calculation is made concerning how many accounts each DR can serve. It is useful to use an ABC classification. Specifically, there will be an average of contacts that have to be made daily, the average frequency for each account and the average time for selling in each case. The demarcation lines are drawn, taking into consideration a realistic amount of work which should be commensurate with the basic geographical unit. The method of calculation by accumulation can be applied with the help of a computerized system. Information about each buyer resulted from the data collected during contacts may be used to maintain a file with information about clients (Vavra, 1992). Such hypotheses are more difficult to sustain in practice. Or, on the contrary, managers may adopt the method of decomposition in territory planning: starting from a nationwide estimate of the market potential and market share, one may approximate the sales potential; this estimate is then divided by the number of people available (or which can be recruited); finally, realistic geographical boundaries are drawn. The disadvantage of this method is that by trying to equalize the territories commercial potential, a difference in workloads occurs which makes geographical borders unrealistic. This issue is further strengthened by the variations in market conditions and the fluctuating efficiency of distributors, so that this quite simplistic method turns out to be, in fact, quite complicated. Phase V: Assigning distribution representatives to territories After establishing the territories, these must be individually assigned to distribution representatives. These may differ in knowledge level, skill and ability, which makes some be more efficient than others. Practice has shown how important it is to find distribution representatives that match the customers but beside this, there are still other factors which allow them to be efficient. The managers responsibility is to put these variables in order of priority, trying at least to improve the situation of each of them if not to find the best solution. Differences in skill, as well as the agents desire or inclination to deal with other areas than the ones they have been assigned to may require the use of compromise which, although not optimal, is still applicable. Time management Most improvements in this respect may be achieved by agents themselves through more discipline and increased professionalism. Among possible improvements, we may mention: The work day should start earlier and end later; Less discussions; Less breaks; Less protocol actions. Efficient time management means: Better work planning; Less visits to undecided or unimportant clients; Better use of travel and waiting time; An increased use of the phone, including for establishing the meeting list. Factors which distribution representatives should take into consideration when managing their duty hours include: Time for elaborating official documents; Duration of each visit; Travel duration; Number of visits; Order of visits; Time given to developing new relations; Time taken by non-commercial activities; Time wasted in making conversations with clients. As recommended as it might be to allow each DR to manage time on ones own, managers have the obligation not only to monitor, but also to stop the incorrect use of time and to promote more efficient practices for making sales. Conclusions An optimal territorial demarcation has the following features: areas are easy to administer; sales potential is relatively easy to estimate; time needed to travel and related costs are reduced to the minimum; there is a homogeneous distribution of opportunities to sell products among existing and potential customers; workloads are equalized. The most important factors to be taken into consideration when establishing territories are the market potential and the density and dispersion of accounts.

The Developmental Period Of Toddlerhood - 3559 Words

Introduction This paper will begin with examining the developmental period of toddlerhood (18 months through 3 years of age) for a young boy named Joey, age 2 and 1/2. It will then introduce the problem of Reactive Attachment Disorder (RAD) in this stage of development, and some possible interventions to address this problem. After discussing these topics, this paper will describe how to assess RAD in a Joey, and his family, and how to engage Joey and his parents, Dave and Lisa in an intervention process. Joey has been brought to a child and family therapy clinic due to Joey’s behavior. He is very withdrawn towards his parents and rarely seeks their comfort or responds to their comfort when distressed. He has minimal social responsiveness to others, and consistent unexplained episodes of irritability and fear with both Dave and Lisa. These behaviors have been going on for over a year, since Dave and Lisa adopted Joey out of an orphanage in India. Dave and Lisa feel like failu res as parents, and do not know how to comfort Joey. Toddlerhood Critical Issues at this Stage Here is a review of the critical development issues young Joey faces in the toddler stage of development. Joey has grown more in the first 24 months of his life than he will at any other point in life, and in toddlerhood his growth will slow down (Hauser-Cram, P., Nugent, J. K., Thies, K., Travers, J. F., 2014). Biological. In toddlerhood the expected motor milestones are walking up stairs between theShow MoreRelatedThe Developmental Period Of Toddlerhood2484 Words   |  10 PagesIntroduction This paper will begin with examining the developmental period of toddlerhood (18 months through 3 years of age) for a young boy named Joey, age 2. It will then introduce the problem of Reactive Attachment Disorder (RAD) in this stage of development, and the appropriate interventions to address this problem. 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The developmental influences include prenatal, perinatal and neonatal environments. (Santrock, 2002) Although babies come into the world with no say or control over which family they will be placed into, or the environment in which they w ill begin to live in, theoristsRead MoreThe Determinants Of Learning For Nurses Educators758 Words   |  4 Pagesthe three determinates of learning. Developmental Stages of the Learner Considering the characteristics of the learner regarding their developmental stages in life is necessary for proper planning, designing, implementing and evaluating an educational program. Because of wide variations in physical, cognitive, and psychosocial variables, chronological age per se in not a good predictor of learning ability. 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Sullivan’s own life incidents let him to write down a theory which will help in the psychiatric treatment with a growing child. His mother married his father beneath her status. Since his parents attained his life after lose of two infants, they were little more protective towards him especially his mother

Is Google Making Us Stupid Free Essays

Is Google really making us stupid? Nicholas Carr, The writer makes several suggestions about the internet is changing the way our mind works and that it has negative consequences on the mind. Mr. Nicolas Carr believes that we should be skeptical of the internet because of the adverse ways it may be shaping the way we think. We will write a custom essay sample on Is Google Making Us Stupid? or any similar topic only for you Order Now Thinking critically about his article, I can find some patterns in his writing, such as fact and fiction, presenting evidence with an argument, cause and effect, and tonal qualities. Mr. Carr discusses that he feels like his mind is being influenced by advancing technologies. He states that even as a writer his mind struggles to keep focused on a book, something that is new to him. He blames this on the internet, which he describes as â€Å"The perfect recall of silicone memory†. The writer uses his friends as examples, stating that â€Å"†¦ many are having similar experiences†. While impossible to tell if this fiction or not, one can reason that he’s most likely stating fact. Mr. Carr does bring up facts from a London study where results suggest that internet readers aren’t reading in traditional methods and that they do not absorb the text that they are reading. The writer then brings up a conversation that he had, stating an interesting fact of how reading is not part of our genes like how speech is. That is a very interesting fact and that suggests that the way we read can be influenced just like other habits. He brings in quotes from other professors he has talked to and mentions how the human brain can still be molded even at older ages. To help support his discussion, he brings up a very interesting part of history. With the invention of the mechanical clock, people minds were changed into thinking in mathematical sections of time. That people â€Å"†¦eat, work, sleep, rise, we stopped listing to our senses and started obeying the clock†. In the arguments put forward by Nicolas Carr’s article, some interesting ideas and evidence surface. I would say that the main point of this essay is to stir discussion how the internet may have negative effects on the human mind. Mr. Carr states how his own memory is being affected by speeding on the internet jumping from one page to the next. He further supports that his reading habits that used to be natural for him have become struggles. He argues that the zip lining across the internet is changing how we read and how we interpret text. He backs this up from evidence from studies performed in London that suggests that people exhibit â€Å"†a form of skimming activity† and â€Å"†¦read no more than one or two pages of an article or a book before they would bounce out to another site†. Another point he tries to argue is that technology is taking part of forming in his thoughts. He proposes that it has â€Å"changed from arguments to aphorisms, from thoughts to puns, from rhetoric to telegram style†. The pattern of cause and effect is also apparent in his writing, starting from the very beginning. How to cite Is Google Making Us Stupid?, Essay examples

Essay on a Passage to India free essay sample

A Passage To India portrays the stance of the British people in India, wherein the Englishman is viewed as a racist, self-righteous and rude set who deny to relate to the Indians on an individual level or rather see Indians as a person. A Passage to India is divided into three sections: Mosque, Cave and Temple, each part portraying a symbolic meaning. Chandrapore an unusual city situated beside the river Ganges, though being grime when compared to the structures of the British colonials, Chandrapore’s hidden beauty still prevails. This description of the Indian city and the British sets the mood and theme suggesting the distrustful and snobbish behavior of the British towards the Indians. â€Å"They all become exactly the same, not worse, not better. I give any Englishman two years, be he Turton or Burton. It is only the difference of a letter. And I give any English woman six months. We will write a custom essay sample on Essay on a Passage to India or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page All are exactly alike. † (Chapter 2) This conversation between Hamidullah and Mahmoud Ali further paves the idea of the British towards the Indians. The encounter between Dr. Aziz and Mrs. Moore in the mosque wherein Dr. Aziz angrily shouts at Mrs. Moore for intruding in a mosque-a holy place for Muslims, epitomizes the anger of Indians against the British for trespassing on their land and soil. Mrs. Moore answers That makes no difference. God is here. (Chapter 2) And that she had removed her footwear, symbolizes that English people (though not all) do realize the fact that as God is everywhere so there is a person with feelings in each individual. This characteristic is further portrayed in Miss Adela Quested – a young intelligent educated woman and a free thinker, who accompanied Mrs. Moore to India to decide whether or not to marry Mrs. Moore son, Ronny. This attitude as a free thinker enabled Adela to wonder as to why the Englishmen were so hostile towards the Indians. Unlike most Englishwoman, Adela attitude towards the Indians would be a friendly and approachable one. Intellectual, bold, frank and formal, or rather what Fielding calls Andela a â€Å"Prig† characterizes her. The segregation of Indians and Englishmen at the Bridge party further dismays Adela. Mrs. Turton act of enabling Adela and Mrs. Moore interact with Indian woman paves the way for Adela to further enhance her friendly attitude towards Indians. This trend of questioning together with frankness, form Adela’s behavioral patterns and observations thus portraying her freedom as an English woman compared to an Indian woman behind a Pardha. For Adela, â€Å"I want to see the real India† (Chapter 3) the real meaning of India and to see India was through the eyes of each Indian, thus breaking all barriers between an Indian and a British for what ever or who ever one is the bottom line is we are all people. Come on, Indias not as bad as all that. Other side of the earth, if you like, but we stick to the same old moon. † (Chapter 3) Mrs. Moore and Adela conversation about the superfluous life and reality, the reality that Indians like the Englishman are the same, for all see the same moon. Mrs. Bhattacharya invitation to Adela and Mrs. Moore can be viewed as the first step of Adela in proving that Ind ians are the friendly type. Adela further realizes that her purpose to India was her search for compatibility with Ronny. Only to realize that Ronny was horrible and infuriating towards the Indians: â€Å"Aziz was exquisitely dressed, from tie-pin to spats, but he had forgotten his back-collar stud, and there you have the Indian all over; inattention to detail, the fundamental slackness that reveals the race. (Chapter 8) and her and his attitude towards Indians couldn’t coincide with her opinion and gestures. The journey to the polo match enables Adela to realize that her feelings for Ronny are unreal and empty as revealed in her statements to the guests that she has â€Å"no intention of remaining in India and marrying Ronny†. This stage can be viewed as Adela confusion in life, confusion of feelings and her introspection into the reality of her life. Every problem has a solution, the bumpy ride in Nawab Bahadur car reflects the turmoil taking place in Adela’s mind and the solution the car hitting into an animal and Adela falling on Ronny: Her hand touched his, owing to a jolt, and one of the trills so frequent in the animal kingdom passed between them and announced that their difficulties were only a lover’s quarrel† (Chapter 8). This animal reveals the animal within every person. This stage Adela wishes to marry Ronny and is out of confusion and into marriage and settlement of life. Dr. Aziz and Adela’s friendship is an epitome of hospitality and kindness between Indians and the British. And this is further strengthened with Mrs. Moore and Adela picnic to the caves with Dr. Aziz and their interests in Akbar (the founder of Hinduism) establishes a strong bond between the two cultures and personalities. Hinduism embraces India, and thus Adela by learning about Akbar, breaks all barriers and notions of religion between Indians and British. Distrust between Indians and British prevailing Dr. Aziz is skeptical and replies: You keep your religion, I mine. That is best. Nothing embraces the whole of India, nothing, nothing and that was Akbars mistake. (Chapter 14) The caves produce an echo â€Å"Boum†. For Adela this echo symbolizes the Dharma idea in the fundamental oneness of all things. Due to logic prevailing in Western thought, this realization only maddens her Western mindset. Adela quest leads her to panic. This negativity encourages Adela to further embrace this universality and admits to her fear of becoming a rude English woman, like most English woman become after marriage. Though engaged to Ronny, Adela opens up to Dr. Aziz. Here one can find a sense of calmness and tranquility in Adela and her willingness to confide her inner most thoughts with an Indian, thus over stepping not only cultural boundaries or religions but over crossing self-respect and the willingness to bear her soul to Dr. Aziz. This search and introspection makes Adela realize for the second time that she does not love Ronny. Here Adela portrays the feelings of false love and her journey into and unloved marriage. On the other hand, Adela can also be viewed as a vacillating character who is unable to confirm her thoughts and actions and unable to decide her future in life. This behavior of Adela is further positioned when she states that Dr. Aziz had insulted and sexually assaulted her. This incident at the caves causes Adela to face a predicament of rationalism against spiritualism. As Fielding called Adela â€Å"Mad† one would agree. The â€Å"echoes† heard by Adela in the caves portray the echoes in her life which have led her to hallucinate. The shift from normalcy to psychological behavior can be witnessed in Adela. These echoes represent Adela’s extent of her typical sane comprehension. Echoes symbolize the evils and sins in life, sin of Adela accusing Dr. Aziz of bad behavior and these echoes are like: â€Å"The sound had spouted after her when she escaped, and was going on still like a river that gradually floods the plain. Only Mrs. Moore could drive it back to its source and seal the broken reservoir. Evil was loose she could hear it entering the lives of others†. (Chapter 22). Adela testimony in the courtroom represents the old Adela who is overwhelmed by doubt. Spiritualism answer to freedom from evil makes Adela prays, for in the courtroom the echoes return to her and she wonders â€Å"by what right did they claim so much importance in the world and assume the title of civilization? (Chapter 24). Dr. Aziz once proven guilty finds Adela lost and lonely roaming the streets, among people who are now aliens to her. Adela’s alienation and Mrs. Moores words- â€Å"In England the moon had seemed dead and alien†¦. † (Chapter 3) is viewed as a prediction for the future. Adela towards the end begins to trust one person-Fielding and realizes that the search for love is all in vain and this is the end. Nevertheless, Adela endures all her suffering and accepts her fate after the trial. This action of endurance enables her to win a friend at the end, which is Fielding. For Fielding sees Adela as a heroic woman and not as a conspirator. No aim, no purpose in life under the present circumstances, as Ronny breaks his engagement with Adela, makes her realize that the purpose to see India and her love for India is broken and shattered. Nor only the love for seeing India and Indians was shattered it left Adela the void to love anymore. Her realization of the damaged created towards Dr. Aziz portrays a sense of humanity still present within her but this realization further damages Adela for she feels paralyzed for unable to rectify her misdeeds. Adela is characterized as a person who lives under demanding surroundings. Her behavior and her shifts in her temperaments affect the lives of other character around her. For instance her engagement with Ronny wherein she was unstable in her commitment of marriage, her accusation against Dr. Aziz and due to this accusation it caused Mrs. Moore behavior to turn cold against her. On the symbolic note Adela, may be seen as a character that signifies the ever prevailing inability of communicating and understanding the mystical patterns of life as it unfolds. Adela attempts to enjoy the benefits of the colonial life. Yet she attempts to see the real India only to fail and to return to England broken hearted.

Canadian Identity

Introduction The identity of Canadians relies on certain features and codes established, ratified, and embraced for years (Morton, 1972). The major influences on the identity of Canadians started in the early 1800s. At that time, the French immigrants arrived at Acadia and the River valleys of St. Lawrence. Also, the English began colonizing Newfoundland.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Canadian Identity specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More These factors together with the conquest of the British and their settlement in the modern France during the 18th century resulted immensely in the development of Canadian identity. This occurred through their roles in contributing to the exploration of the region. These nations continue to have lots of influence on the identity of Canadians through their cultures and arts. There are lots of debates on the true identity of Canadians. Some people argue that Canadians do not have tr ue identity, and their identity has not yet evolved ever since 1867. However, others also believe that there is a real identity. This essay explores if lack of identity is a true phenomenon in Canada. In addition, the question of Canada’s cultural evolution since 1867 is discussed. Do Canadians have true identity? There are three important issues that conventionally surround the debate on the true identity of Canadians. The first one is the commonly disputed relationship that exists between the French and the English Canadians. This emerges from the survival of cultures as well as languages. Usually, there is also a close connection between the British Empire and the English Canadians. This results in a slow political process that completes liberalization from the imperial powers. Lastly, the English-speaking Canadians have very close ties to the economic, cultural, and military center of the U.S. (Morton, 1972). In the 20th century, there were strong cultural and political l inks to Britain. This resulted in the wave of immigrants from Europe, Africa, Asia and Caribbean. Consequently, the identity of Canadians has been reforming, and the process continues to the present, owing to the enduring arrival of several settlers whose backgrounds are neither French nor British. Therefore, multiculturalism also arises in the discussion. Multiculturalism is defined as a strategy of upholding a variety of different cultures within a community (Driedger, 1996). The government of Canada accepts people from different cultural backgrounds. However, it necessitates that the cultural practices from different communities do not affect fundamental freedoms or the customs of fellow inhabitants.Advertising Looking for essay on canada? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This implies the negotiations between various cultures in most cases. It is challenging to preserve multiculturalism within a community if the ethnicities oppose and influence one another. Currently, Canada has different people with different cultures and of various nationalities. In addition, the policies of the constitution also encourage multiculturalism instead of just one national belief. There are lots of questions that are still debatable on the subject of Canadian identity. It continues to frustrate and animate not only writers and historians but also statesmen, philosophers and artists. The issue has lacked clear description, and even the quest for true Canadian identity remains a subject of self-deprecation. It could be true that Canadians do not have true identity. The people of Canada often incline to identify themselves with the community and region instead of their nation. The identity of Canadians is molded by different ethics and attitudes since the country has unlimited diversity of cultures due to its history and location. The idea of multiculturalism as well as bilingualism is very vital to the formation and develop ment of identity. These factors support and challenge Canadians as well. The interaction of various cultures and communities within Canada affects an individual. Contradicting opinions about Canada by its own people and even other nations show that indeed they lack real identity. When a citizen of Canada is asked his or her nationality, there is no clear response as an individual can answer Scottish, German or Ukrainian. The major explanation to this can be that Canadians do not identify themselves as discrete Canadians. It is important to identify a common notion that helps identify Canadian people rather than isolate them with their respective areas of origin. Instead of inclining to identification by the place or community, Canadians need to identify themselves with the nation and their country, which is Canada. There is also excessive variety of values and traditions in Canada, making it difficult for the citizens to identify themselves with one another.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Canadian Identity specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The present culture of Canadians has been shaped mainly by the many aboriginal cultures. They had been established before the Europeans arrived to North America. Normally, the different cultures were highly incorporated and universal, implying that their views towards politics, artistic as well as spiritual scopes of life were interconnected. These people formed a very rich part of culture in Canada that is impossible to separate. According to Penny Petrone, telling stories, which is referred to aboriginal culture, was a very important instrument for conveying artistic principles though it was not driven by the current western idea (Diakiw, 2011). There were policies of the government during the period of colonization to strip off the aboriginal immigrants of their land, theoretically to protect them by employing reserve system. However, trying to integr ate them into foreign culture through teaching initially had serious influence on aboriginal cultures. The common cultural practices as well as the local identity have been completely eroded. In some cases, these cultural practices and identity have been lost as a result of the policies of relegation, integration and de-legitimation. This completely discouraged the aboriginal people, both individually and communally. Several languages have practically vanished. In addition, a lot of cultural values and norms have been forgotten. For instance, the Beothuk of Newfoundland has completely vanished. However, the aboriginal ways of life continue to exist though they have been influenced much by the Euro-Canadian culture. However, currently, growing standards of education incorporation with political firmness, the restoration of aboriginal superiority, and regeneration of culture have tremendously increased. Many inhabitants have prioritized learning of language because they believe that t hey should make fast steps towards capturing the retentions of their elders. Inherent ceremonies that involve dances and drumming increasingly become successful, and this attracts even foreign contestants.Advertising Looking for essay on canada? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Most aborigines strive to create these customs according to the European-based systems and norms all together. This has certainly molded the modern situation. In addition, sensitivity towards ethnic rights and customs continues to rise amongst the non-aboriginals not only as expressions of autonomy but also as main aspects of the broader identity of Canadian culture. Has there been evolution of Canadian identity since 1867? Even though the subject of multiculturalism have been deciphered into the Canadian legislation as well as their policies regarding education, linguistic and institutional privileges of their provinces and clear backgrounds are hard to define. Some of the laws in Canada could be blamed for promoting multiculturalism amongst the people of Canada. For instance, in the year 1774, Quebec act was enacted in Canada. This act legally accepted the practice of Catholic religious conviction. In addition, it documented the seigniorial system in Quebec. In 1841, the union act , which acknowledged the coexistence of two different Canadian colonies, was again passed. Together with the Constitution Act of 1867, these acts promoted the values of multiculturalism (Richard, 2000). These acts defined the influences of not only the federal state but also the Canadian provinces. Therefore, the acts determined some of the important particulars of Quebec, where the majority were French Canadians. In addition, regulations that governed civil laws were established. Finally, in relation to education, which is a provincial domain, there was an act that certified public funds to promote confessional schools. The article also safeguarded the religious subgroups in Quebec. Paradoxically, this article was pressed for by the Quebec English Protestants. They were afraid that Quebec French Catholics could exceed them in number and consequently overpower them. Later, the French Catholics in other parts of Canada also tried to use the same article to protect themselves for the same reason against the English Canadians; however, they gained minimal benefits from it. According to the legislation on Quebec language, bills 22 and 101, children of certain communities, especially those of the settlers, have been forced to go to French schools, though the regulation has not yet changed the denominational organization in Montreal or even the communal aid of secluded, religious or cultural schools in Quebec. These are evidences of tries to reveal the origins of multiculturalism in Canada since different communities with different backgrounds would be allowed to integrate easily. In the long run, this resulted in unclear cultural identity of Canadians that people are unable to identify themselves with. In most cases, it is believed that Canada was founded as a state by commercial entrepreneurs and railway proprietors who wanted a central government that they could use to help them settle and exploit the nation. However, according to the others, particularly French Canadians, association was founded in order to create a new state that would be free from England. It was assumed that the two instituting groups were to live together. However, the constitutional rights and freedoms of the Catholic French Canadians who were living outside Quebec were neither stated, denied nor disregarded. In most cases, French Catholic schools have never been supported by public funds. The French was not allowed to be admitted to the communal schools, and the overall integration into the British or Anglo-Canadian domain was viewed as the only means of survival for both the settlers and the French Canadians (Bramadat Seljak, 2009). The Royal commission on multiculturalism and multiple languages revealed some of the challenges faced by the French-speaking people and other minorities in Canada in the 1960s. In the year 1969, the official languages’ act was enacted. This formally made Canada a multiple linguistic country. As a result, there were measures put f orward to allow services in the French federal administration to be conducted in different languages. By the year 1971, the government of Canada embraced the multiculturalism policy in the framework of many languages. Lastly, the 1982 constitutional act asserted some of the values of ethical differentiation. Actually, the Canadian regulation, regarding their rights and privileges, pushes forward for the right of fairness and prohibits any form of discrimination. With these historical developments, it is evident that multiculturalism was formally accepted by the government of Canada. These, however, has completely ruined the true identity of Canadians. The two approved languages of Canada were French and English. These two languages were considered to have equal power in all Canadian government institutions. In addition, the law also safeguards the rights and privileges of all the different ethnic groups to be taught in their native languages. Also, minority schools can be able to ac cess financial aid through public funds, and it affirms that it does not alter or amend any kind privileges and entitlements that are guaranteed under the Canadian charter with regard to distinct or denominational schools. However, there has been a lot of debate on how multiculturalism, which interferes with the true identity of Canadians, should really manifest itself. Some people argue that both the French and the English should have an equal chance of representation in all the languages of the community at all the stages of the federal system. This can also imply that each and every federal unit of Canadian government should have two individuals, both the French- and the English-speaking. There are also strong arguments for equal distribution of opportunities to all the ethnic communities in Canada. Such opportunities can be economic, political, social and educational. Most Canadians of French background are confident that multiple cultures identify their uniqueness and their pri vileges, while other people believe it is not true since the US took over from the British. Some of the French Canadian inhabitants also appreciate that languages are important as this promotes cultural rights and privileges. Nonetheless, the English-speaking Canadians hold a contradictory opinion towards multiculturalism. According to them, the main language of Canada should be English. Currently, several Canadian immigrants would agree that Canada should be an English-speaking nation. They also claim that the relationship between Canadians and Americans should be promoted since the two nations have common cultural practices and also due to the economic progress of the United States. There are some Canadians who oppose against multiculturalism idea so because they believe it compromises their true identity (Bramadat Seljak, 2009). The first people that inhabited Canada also stress that they have not been involved in the politics as well as the social aspects of the country. As suc h, it is possible to conclude their native languages and culture have not been incorporated into the Canadian identity. At the same time, the French-speaking Canadians are also against multiculturalism policy as they deliberate that it does not identify their identity. The identity of Canadians is characterized by so many different cultures and practices. Multiculturalism has been embraced and plays a very important role in the development and formation of identity. After World War II, the policies that support multiculturalism in Canada have been embraced and become effective in attracting several cultural practices in the country. Contrary to other nations, the acceptance of multiculturalism has been very successful in Canada. Actually, the current Canadian policies with regard to multiculturalism have loosened over the years. Policies that are implemented are geared towards integration rather than discrimination (Resnick, 2005).. Before the close of the Second World War in 1945, there was a settlement in Canada, particularly by Germans, Chinese, Indians and Japanese. The government of Canada anticipated for its main policy on settlement into Canada in 1885. For instance, the ‘Chinese Head Tax’ regulation was enacted to screen the devastating number of the Chinese settled down in Canada. According to this new regulation, the Chinese settlers were obliged to pay some fee to get into the country. In 1904, this fee, which had been 50 dollars, increased immensely to 500 dollars. Ten years after, another unfair act was articulated directed at Indian settlers. All the 376 immigrants who had genuine British passports were not allowed to enter Canada. Those could be viewed as attempts by Canadian government to discourage immigrants to come to the country. Statistics of the general social survey of Canada conducted between 1982 and 2001 revealed that above 40% of the Canada arrivals had their own unique religions as compared to the aboriginal settlers in Canada who constituted 2% of the total population. One of the fastest developing religions in Canada was Islam. One could easily draw to a conclusion that immigration in Canada resulted in Canada becoming more religion-oriented. This makes it very vital for Canada to safeguard and maintain the multicultural traditions on its people. Even though several cultural practices have been emerging in Canada, protection of the traditions that had already existed must have been practiced (Schwartz, 1967). Cultural nationalism is term used to mean protection and support of any kind in terms of Canadian culture. If the Canadian government offers more support to the immigrants with regard to the development of the culture, it will definitely become more creative in advancing a unique culture. However, if the government does not control the ethnic practices in Canada, multiculturalism will continue to destroy the true identity of Canadians. Strong nations that surround Canada like the USA will c ontinue influencing the Canadian culture since they want to promote their culture within Canada as well. It is the fundamental role of the government to develop and protect its own culture. This will result in a distinctive culture that will facilitate the formation and development of Canadian identity. Conclusion In conclusion, it is true that Canada is influenced by stronger nations around them, especially the United States, Great Britain and France. As a result, their language and Canadian cultural practices used to identify them are difficult to recognize. Some people believe that there are still cultural practices that could be used to identify Canada. However, from Canadian history and their legislations, it is evident that their ethnic practices have incorporated so many different cultures. This makes it difficult to identify the true identity of Canadians. It is vital for Canada to develop, promote and preserve its own culture since this will give Canadians some sense of pat riotism. Promoting and preserving culture will not only help bring the people of Canada together but will also give them something they can hold and relate to. This is important in Canada since it has a relatively small population as compared to the rest countries of the same size. Therefore, many different cultures could come from other nations. The result can be a complete loss of true Canadian identity. References Bramadat, P. Seljak, D. (2009). Multiculturalism in Canada. Toronto. University of Toronto Press. Diakiw, J. (2011). Canadian Culture and National Identity: The School’s Role in Debating and Discussing the Roots of our National Identity. Munich: Grin Verlag Driedger, L. (1996). Multi-ethnic Canada: identities and inequalities. New York, NY: Oxford University Press Morton, W. (1972). The Canadian Identity. Wisconsin: University of Wisconsin Press. Resnick, P. (2005). The European roots of Canadian identity. Toronto: University of Toronto Press. Richard, J. (2000) . Multiculturalism and the History of Canadian Diversity. Toronto: University of Toronto Press Schwartz, M. (1967). Public Opinion and Canadian Identity. Los Angeles, CA: University of California Press This essay on Canadian Identity was written and submitted by user T0adMen to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. 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What Does it Mean to be a Capitalist Economy †Political Science Essay

What Does it Mean to be a Capitalist Economy – Political Science Essay Free Online Research Papers What Does it Mean to be a Capitalist Economy Political Science Essay Capitalism is defined as an economic system in which the means of production are mostly privately owned, and capital is invested in the production, distribution, and other trade of goods and services, for profit in a competitive free market. The concept of â€Å"classical† capitalism is said to have emerged in the late 18th century. â€Å"The classical, political economists: Adam Smith, Jean-Baptiste Say, John Stuart Mill, and David Ricardo published analyses of the production, distribution, and exchange of goods in a capitalist economy that have since formed the basis of study for most contemporary economists.† from J. K. Galbraith’s American Capitalism In a capitalist economy, privately owned corporations and businesses control the entire economy. This is probably this most popular economic view, a small farmer can buy his neighbor’s small farm for a set amount of money, and buy his neighbor’s neighbor’s small farm, and so on. Eventually the farmer can buy out all of his surrounding farms and create a monopoly. A monopoly is defined as a persistent market situation where there is only one provider of a product or service. Monopolies are normally characterized by a lack of economic competition for the good or service that they provide and a lack of viable substitutable goods. There are laws in the United States regulating the creation of monopolies in an attempt to keep the free market fair. The barriers for business or organizations to become a monopoly are great. There are two acts in the United States that have attempted to prevent, or slow down potential monopolies: The Sherman Anti-Trust Act and the Clayto n Act. The Sherman Anti-Trust Act was the first U.S. federal government action to limit monopolies. It was enacted on July 2, 1890. The Clayton Anti-Trust Act was enacted in 1914 to remedy deficiencies in antitrust law created under the Sherman Anti-Trust Act that allowed corporations to dissolve labor unions. The Clayton Act filled in the gaps of the Sherman Anti-Trust Act by preventing price discriminations, and from people being involved in two competing organizations. With these laws in place in the American law system it is unlawful for any one company to gain control of all its competitors and become one corporate â€Å"giant†. The nons of this would be cable television, phone, and electricity. These examples are sometimes able to charge higher fees because they are the only company in that field available to you, but because they are considered a utility, they are not a monopoly. The price of gas is another example. When there is a situation in the Middle East, the price of gas seems to go up. The reason we are given is, because it is costing us more to get the product out of the Middle East. The problem with that explanation is that only about 15% of the nations gas consumption is from foreign sources, majority of our resource is domestic. The reason gas prices go up is because we no longer have the option of the getting the cheaper Middle Eastern gas, and can now be gorged by our domestic companies. Capitalism, inevitably, results in unequal wealth distribution. In actual practice it appears that as the ranks of the wealthy grow the ranks of the poor also increase. At least that seems to be what is happening in the United States. It also appears that wherever there are great disparities of wealth in an area crime increases dramatically. Another negative result of unrestrained capitalism is that the wealthy have little need to spend all of their wealth, so that they keep a great deal of the total wealth of the country invested and growing more family fortunes. As a result they can send their children to better schools getting better educations, and creating an ever-increasing gap between classes. The poor have more need to spend all of their income on the necessities, therefore can save little and accumulate little or no capital growth. In a capitalist society the wealthy have disproportionate power to influence legislation which inevitably favors themselves, often at the expens e of the less affluent. This also, all too often, results in the corruption of government officials, and increase of white-collar crime. Although the wealthy provide the means of developing the natural resources of a nation, they often contribute mightily to its pollution and degradation. I think it could be argued that the streams and forests and minerals of the country ought to belong to all of its citizens, not the wealthy who gain access to strip mine and deforest or drill at the expense of an environment that we all share. Even though we may concede that capitalism is the most successful among the economic systems, we must recognize that it is not without negative aspects or that there is no room for improvements. The smug American attitude which assumes that we excel at everything overlooks areas in which we might benefit by studying how someone else does things. The complexity and chaos of a health care system which leaves 45 million citizens to the mercy of emergency room treatment for minor ailments, which costs the taxpayers a higher percentage of gross national income than any other nation, might well benefit by adapting some of the methods of those countries which cover all of their citizens with lower costs and better results. Socialist and communist countries have often outstripped us in such areas as education and health care, and it makes sense that we ought to imitate whatever aspect of their successes would prove advantageous to ourselves. We first need to acknowledge that there is room f or improvement in our still imperfect society. The nons of this would be cable television, phone, and electricity. These examples are sometimes able to charge higher fees because they are the only company in that field available to you, but because they are considered a utility, they are not a monopoly. The price of gas is another example. When there is a situation in the Middle East, the price of gas seems to go up. The reason we are given is because it is costing us more to get the product out of the Middle East. The problem I have with that explanation is that only about 15% of the nations gas consumption is from foreign sources, majority of our resource is domestic. The reason gas prices go up is because we no longer have the option of the getting the cheaper Middle East gas, and can now be gorged by our domestic companies. Capitalism inevitably results in unequal wealth distribution. In actual practice it appears that as the ranks of the wealthy grow the ranks of the poor also increase. At least that seems to be what is happening in the United States. It also appears that wherever there are great disparities of wealth in an area crime increases dramatically. Another negative result of unrestrained capitalism is that the wealthy have little need to spend all of their wealth, so that they keep a great deal of the total wealth of the country invested and growing more family fortunes. As a result they can send their children to better schools getting better educations, and creating an ever-increasing gap between classes. The poor have more need to spend all of their income on the necessities, therefore can save little and accumulate little or no capital growth. In a capitalist society the wealthy have disproportionate power to influence legislation which inevitably favors themselves, often at the expense of the less affluent. This also, all too often, results in the corruption of government officials, and increase of white-collar crime. Although the wealthy provide the means of developing the natural resources of a nation, they often contribute mightily to its pollution and degradation. I think it could be argued that the streams and forests and minerals of the country ought to belong to all of its citizens, not the wealthy who gain access to strip mine and deforest or drill at the expense of an environment that we all share. Even though we may concede that capitalism is the most successful among the economic systems, we must recognize that it is not without negative aspects or that there is no room for improvements. The smug American attitude which assumes that we excel at everything overlooks areas in which we might benefit by studying how someone else does things. The complexity and chaos of a health care system which leaves 45 million citizens to the mercy of emergency room treatment for minor ailments, which costs the taxpayers a higher percentage of gross national income than any other nation, might well benefit by adapting some of the methods of those countries which cover all of their citizens with lower costs and better results. Socialist and communist countries have often outstripped us in such areas as education and health care, and it makes sense that we ought to imitate whatever aspect of their successes would prove advantageous to ourselves. We first need to acknowledge that there is room f or improvement in our still imperfect society. My final view on capitalism is that in a country, the United States, which promotes all types of equality, uses an economic system that promotes economic inequality. I say that because within modern market economies is because wages are determined by a market, and are hence influenced by supply and demand. In this view, inequality is caused by the differences in the supply and demand for different types of work. Also capitalism can lead to a type of government known as Imperialism. â€Å"Imperialism is a policy of extending control or authority over foreign entities as a means of acquisition and/or maintenance of empires. This is either through direct territorial conquest or settlement, or through indirect methods of exerting control on the politics and/or economy of these other entities. The term is often used to describe the policy of a nations dominance over distant lands, regardless of whether the nation considers itself part of the empire.† –Wikipedia’s definition of Imperialism. . Research Papers on What Does it Mean to be a Capitalist Economy - Political Science EssayAssess the importance of Nationalism 1815-1850 EuropeTwilight of the UAWThe Effects of Illegal ImmigrationPETSTEL analysis of IndiaDefinition of Export QuotasNever Been Kicked Out of a Place This NiceAnalysis of Ebay Expanding into AsiaQuebec and CanadaMarketing of Lifeboy Soap A Unilever Product19 Century Society: A Deeply Divided Era

E-Supply Chain Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 6000 words

E-Supply Chain Management - Essay Example More and more firms accelerate to implement their supply chains in a web-based manner in an effort to lower their operating costs and attain a fast response to the market condition changes. However, this framework considers primarily two factors of the organizational ability to integrate their external partners and the complexity of operation, which are natural in a market-centric economy. In a transitional economy where a centrally planned economy moves toward that of a free market, the government influence is a factor that cannot be ignored. Another important factor is the information asymmetry that will be discussed later. The organizational ability to integrate with their external partners is the common factor used in both frameworks. We use the information asymmetry instead of the complexity of operations and the new factor of government influence. (Panta, 2003, 205) Toyota Motor Manufacturing UK Ltd is one among many Japanese automotive manufacturers which lays claim to be at the forefront of these new specific developments in customer-supplier relationships (see for instance Mair, 1994; Wickens, 1987). Toyota now has 210 suppliers in 11 European countries, of which 50 per cent (by value and number) are UK-based. As production moves up to the projected full capacity of 225,000 units per year, the value of the supply chain is estimated to reach 880 million by 1999. Toyota Motor Company, with its emphasis on lean production, efficiency and quality, is seen by many to be an exemplary model of best practice for other firms to follow. Firms joining the Toyota supply chain will fully expect to become converts to the Toyota production method and the social demands of obligational contracting ways (Winfield and Kerrin, 1996). Customer influence examined The influence of a major customer on a supplier can and does have far-reaching measurable effects. Harland (1996) draws attention to the importance of the "softer" behavioural features of supplier-customer relationships, such as the attitudes, expectations and perceptions held by both parties, which can have profound implications for the actual success of the partnership. He also suggests rather tantalizingly that these changed behaviours within the contracting partnership can have direct effects on other aspects of organization-wide behaviour within the supply firm. Toyota claims in particular to encourage close partnering with suppliers; extending even to encouraging suppliers to participate in parts design (Ohno, 1988). Toyota will even offer advice and financial assistance to its suppliers who need to upgrade their production to meet the demands of quality and the JIT manufacturing system. Help is also freely given with the design of training and with management development programmes. All this takes place within the social boundaries of frequent company visits, an atmosphere of long-term trust and of a partnership based on mutual prosperity. In selecting suppliers, Toyota places emphasis not simply on product quality and future ability to meet the just-in-time production demands; but also it seems, on more subtle cognitive and social variables. These

What protection is afforded to beneficial co-owners of property in Essay

What protection is afforded to beneficial co-owners of property in situations where the trustees or third parties apply to a court for an order to sell land which is subject to a trust of land - Essay Example The law of co-ownership operates whenever two or more people enjoy the rights of ownership of property at the same time, either freehold or leasehold. The law of co-ownership is to be found in the 1925 legislation (LPA 1925), common law, and TLATA 1996. The law of co-ownership can be broken down into various components, first being the nature of co-ownership and types of co-ownership, Secondly, there is the statutory machinery that regulates the use and enjoyment of co-owned land, thirdly, there are those statutory and common law rules governing the creation of co-ownership, fourthly, there is the impact of co-ownership on third parties, fifthly, there are matters relating to the termination of co-ownership. 1 The concurrent co-ownership of property describes the simultaneous enjoyment of land by two or more persons i.e. enjoyment of the rights of ownership by two or more persons at the same time. Co-ownership since 1 January 1926 will either be by way of a â€Å"joint tenancy† or a â€Å"tenancy in common†.2 In a joint tenancy, each co-owner is treated as being entitled to the whole of that land. There are no distinct â€Å"shares†, and no single co-owner can claim any greater right over any part of the land than other. As far as the rest of the world is concerned, the land is treated as if it is owned by one person only and all the joint tenants share in that one ownership. In practical terms, this means that, when land is subject to a joint tenancy, there is only one formal title to it, and that title is owned jointly by all the joint tenants. Moreover, if the land is registered, there will be but one title registered at HM Land Registry, with each co-owner registered as proprietor of that title in the proprietorship section of the register. If the land is unregistered, there will be but one set of title deeds, specifying the four owners.3 It is pertinent to mention here that prior to 1st January

E gov Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

E gov - Case Study Example he effect of the established water projects in people’s lives, demonstrate institutional failures and corruption of Thar government and how they have led to distrust in the public and my opinion to reduce such occurrences. Decrease of monsoon rainfall is caused by Arabian Sea that branch north of Cambay gulf resulting in extreme drought conditions in Thar Desert, unexpected change of air currents, and the dry air of Sind. Karakilcik and Kalyar (2014) argue that deflection of air currents to the east in Arabian Sea is increasing causing the air to move east and southeast. As a result, the rain bearing wind reaches south-west of Arabia and marks the end of monsoon rainfall. This has caused increasingly drought conditions in Thar Desert. Thar Desert in south East Pakistan has been suffering from extreme drought conditions for a period of three years. Jillian (2015) notes that Tharparkar region is the most neglected areas in Pakistan. Lack of proper rain for the last three years has affected people and livestock greatly. An interview with one of the residents of Thar parkar region in Pakistan indicates that drought has left nothing edible for people and livestock. Halepoto (2012) indicates that 90% of the agricultural land has perished due to inadequate water. Human beings are suffering. Reports from the local doctors and hospitals indicate that children are the most affected due to malnutrition and premature births. Despite the increased efforts by the government to get the people of Pakistan from crisis, the continuous increase in drought is dragging their efforts (Halepoto, 2012). Water borne diseases from saline water and malnutrition have caused increased number of infant deaths. In search of greener pastures, thousands of people migrate to the nearby farming districts close to River Indus (Poonia and Rao, 2013). Trained Health care workers are migrating to big cities, such as Karachi to look for employment (Halepoto, 2012). There is also no continuity in

Globalization Barcelona Renovation

Globalization Barcelona Renovation Although many cities around the world witness the triumphs and failures of globalization in all aspects of life, Barcelona has truly been a success story. Although Barcelona is a dense city confined by the Mediterranean Sea and the mountains, it has grown to be a commercial, industrial and tourism superpower in Europe. The benefits of globalization are apparent in the dynamic metropolitan area of Barcelona, a model used for urban design and renovation of cities throughout the world. Globalization has become an inevitable progression over time, and Barcelona has embraced its ongoing growth by constructively planning for the future. The metropolitan area of Barcelona has become a center for trade, industry, commerce and tourism, with almost four million residents. To prepare for the 1992 Olympic Games held in Barcelona, the city went through drastic transformations in urban development with hopes of becoming one of Europes economic superpowers. Now, Barcelona is becoming an exemplar city for its style and synthesis of urban design and innovation. Projects such as [emailprotected] Barcelona, an efficient infrastructure organization, the refurbishment of city beaches and port areas, the construction of pleasing and practical public spaces, the melting pot of world cultures and other revitalization plans have helped globalize Barcelona and make it the â€Å"capital of the Mediterranean† (Rossi). One project helping Barcelona continue to globalize and expand its knowledge is the [emailprotected] Barcelona innovation district. In the area of Poblenou, a neighborhood that was once occupied entirely by industrial buildings and factories, a complete transformation is underway to recreate 115 blocks of â€Å"modern spaces for the strategic concentration of intensive knowledge-based activities† (â€Å"Presentation†). Two hundred hectares of land in Poblenou will be renovated in order to allow for more living, working and learning spaces. According to the [emailprotected] Barcelona website, 53% of the neighborhood has begun transformation and many new companies are relocating their businesses to the new knowledge hub of the city. â€Å"The [emailprotected] project has likewise been warmly received, according to a research carried out by the University of Barcelona in June 2007, by the business community: 925 firms have already established in the [emailprotected] district or are in the process of building their corporate HQs there. More than 50% of the companies that have moved to the [emailprotected] district since 2001 belong to one of the four strategic [emailprotected] sectors: media, ITC, MedTech or energy† (â€Å"Current State†). The area of Poblenou has a designated â‚ ¬180 million in public investment, which will give the neighborhood access to innovative technology still nonexistent in many other globalizing cities. Green spaces, digital districts and tight-knit communities of buildings are just some of the inventive concepts that are being developed in Poblenou. Once the urban, economic and social renovations have been completed, the neighborhood will be transformed into a modern, unique environment for all aspects of daily life (â€Å"Presentation†). Like the neighborhood of Poblenou, Barcelonas infrastructure is constantly being upgraded and expanded. For example, Plaà §a de les Glà ²ries Catalanes is being completely reconstructed to include an underground train station, which will rival Plaza Cataluà ±a as a popular transportation center in the city. The fundamental structure of Barcelona includes a group of efficient transportation elements, including metro systems, airport expansions, sewage improvements, bus routes, highways and railroads. Barcelona has such a well-organized, logical setup for its infrastructure throughout the city, making the city once again a prototype for urban design which other cities have proposed to duplicate. â€Å"One of Barcelonas more outstanding characteristics is that its port, airport, railroad terminal for goods, highway networks and huge logistics area are all activities set in the same geographical space. This makes Barcelona highly internationalised, occupying a strategic position in t he world-wide transport network, and a key hub for trade with Asia† (Alarcon). The infrastructure in Barcelona is an important benefit of globalization because it organizes transportation to save time and avoid congestion of persons. Unlike other cities, Barcelona has public transportation centers on almost every block, whether it includes buses, metros, ferrocarrils or tunnels. This accessibility is imperative for residents, visitors and all people traveling through Barcelona because the infrastructure is time efficient and uncomplicated. Many other cities around the world would benefit from examining Barcelonas infrastructure design, which is frequently being revamped to keep up with the changes brought about by globalization and the needs of the people. Of all the renovations completed in Barcelona, the restoration of city beaches and the enlargement of port areas have helped increase tourism and turn the eyes of the people back to the sea. Huge additions to the port have been made including: a new bridge to facilitate transportation of trucks carrying cargo, extending piers to allow for more cargo ships to dock, and the destruction of industrial buildings along the beach to once again make the sea an attraction. â€Å"The past 10 years have seen a huge transformation of both port and city, as the municipal government sought to develop Barcelonas holiday and pleasure sailing reputation in tandem with traditional commercial activities. The boom in Barcelonas commercial centres has both invigorated (and itself been further promoted) with the desire to revise the citys maritime traditions† (Alarcon). Port Olympic and the Maremagnum marina are new economic hotspots near the beach, which appeal to both residents and tourists with restaurants, bars, an aquarium and movie theaters. The port, one of Barcelonas most essential places for trade, is in the process of extending its piers to increase the frequency of trade and tourism by building more docking areas for cargo boats and cruise liners. The beaches are one of Barcelonas main attractions, which have been nearly restored to their original beauty without the deterring industrial buildings that once lined the shore. These transformations, which have been underway or completed since 1992, have increased tourism and productivity of trade in Barcelona. Both of these aspects of globalization are extremely important to the city so that it can grow and attract more investors. The innovative additions to the beach and port areas will benefit Barcelonas economy, tourism and their position in the world market. If improving the coastline will help attract more tourists to the beach, improving public spaces, park areas and dilapidated buildings will help attract more residents to the city. Globalization has led Barcelona to realize its confinement between the Mediterranean Sea and the mountains, leaving a highly dense population situated in-between that continues to grow. For that reason, the Barcelona model had planned for inevitable expansion of the city. Instead of spreading further out into the suburbs like most cities, Barcelona began the â€Å"layered multiple use† of land to build vertically opposed to horizontally (Rossi). â€Å"Across the city, parks spread out atop new highway tunnels. Parking lots hide under squares. Seventeenth-century convents are turned into libraries and cultural centers, palaces are transformed into hotels, museums sprout from former textile factories† (Rossi). Every inch of land in Barcelona has a purpose, and the city is praised for its abilit y to find the problems that exist in decaying buildings or empty spaces and repair them to make the area more eye-catching. For example, the area of El Raval was always known for its immigrant population, drug deals and prostitutes. After careful planning by the city to create a rambla in the center, add more squares throughout the neighborhood, and build the Centre de Cultura Contemporà  nia de Barcelona (CCCB), restaurants, businesses and people all want to buy space in El Raval. Besides making Barcelona more beautiful, these ongoing changes have also made the city more well-organized and useful. Cranes and angle cutters can be seen and heard throughout Barcelona, which is just a reminder that the city is working hard to keep Barcelona up-to-date with globalization needs and a constantly growing population. As the population in Barcelona increases, it is easy to see the mix of colors, races and languages that have become commonplace in this international city. For almost a century between 1850 and 1950, Spain was mainly an emigrating nation. Approximately 3.5 million people, especially temporary workers, emigrated to Argentina, Cuba, Uruguay and Brazil. However, in the late 1980s Spain became a country of immigration due to â€Å"the end of guest worker programs, the closing of the borders of traditional receiving countries, such as Germany, Switzerland, and France, the political evolution from authoritarian regimes, their proximity to the sending countries in the Maghreb, and the intense historical and economic bonds between both shores of the Mediterranean† (Ortega Pà ©rez). In 1999, the foreign-born population was 2.09% (89,744 people), but by 2005, the number of foreign inhabitants had increased to 11.13% with 531,040 people (Roca Cladera). Neighborhoods like El Raval are ho me to large numbers of immigrants, especially those from North Africa, Pakistan and Muslim communities. Projects such as the Universal Forum of Cultures, which promote human rights, cultural diversity and peace, have been established to accommodate the melting pot of cultures in the international community. â€Å"In order to promote a culturally diverse society, a series of policies have been deployed to fight the poverty and social exclusion that often go hand in hand with immigration, provide the resources required for the development of different communities in Catalonia, and, above all, encourage intercultural encounters† (Lachmann). Although Barcelona has struggled with racism and discrimination against immigrant communities, globalization has made Spain, and especially Catalonia, a desirable destination for immigrants from around the globe. The city boasts hundreds of restaurants with cuisines from every country, places for prayer for numerous religions, and cultural ce nters for the integration of immigrants. As the world becomes increasingly interconnected due to globalization and the ease of travel, immigration populations will continue to rise. Barcelona has dealt with the inevitable process of globalization by paying attention to details throughout the city, by maintaining what already exists and building what is needed for the future. From protecting the historical significance of a park bench to lining a lackluster street with palm trees, every corner in the city has been touched by globalization and yet still continues to function properly and look good. Barcelonas urban design has been used as a model for city development around the globe, due to its comprehensive planning and meticulous attention to every element of the city. According to architect Lord Richard Rogers, â€Å"Barcelona is the jewel of the crown of urban regeneration† (Rossi). Globalization has been an amazing benefit to Barcelona, because of its ability to keep up with the ever-changing, constantly growing needs of a metropolitan city. As a model for urban development and design, Barcelona has been praised for its ability to keep pace with the process of globalization, by revitalizing areas around the city and integrating them together into one functional community. The intensification of Barcelonas infrastructure development as well as the multi-layered use for expansion has helped the city to globalize, while affectively using every piece of available land for a planned residential development, park, square or office building. Without the benefit of globalization that has changed Barcelonas reputation from a run-down port town to a innovative model for designing and renovating cities, projects such as [emailprotected] Barcelona would be inconceivable and difficult to achieve. Barcelona has become a meeting place for cultures from around the world, as well as an immigration magnet for people from North Africa, South America and other emigrating nations. The new enticement created by port and beach renovations that were completed for the 1992 Olympic Games have increased tourism and turned the eyes of the city back to the Mediterranean Sea. Only time can tell how Barcelona will progress in the international spectrum of globalization, but the modern revitalization of the city has been an immense benefit for Barcelona, its visitors, and its people. Works Cited Alarcon, Jose. â€Å"Barcelonas port goes for massive growth.† International Market News. 01 Mar 2001. Trade Development Council. 6 Dec 2007 . â€Å"Current State.† [emailprotected] Barcelona. 2006. Ajuntament de Barcelona. 6 Dec 2007 . Lachmann, Joseph. â€Å"The Universal Forum of Cultures considers immigration as a source of social enrichment.† 09 Aug 2004. Herald Tribe. 7 Dec 2007 . Muenz, Rainer. â€Å"Europe: Population and Migration in 2005.† Feature Story. June 2006. Migration Policy Institute. 7 Dec 2007 . Ortega Pà ©rez, Nieves. â€Å"Spain: Forging an Immigration Policy.† Country Profiles. Feb 2003. Migration Policy Institute. 10 Dec 2007 . â€Å"Preamble.† Mobility pact. Ajuntament de Barcelona. 6 Dec 2007 . â€Å"Presentation.† [emailprotected] Barcelona. 2006. Ajuntament de Barcelona. 6 Dec 2007 . Roca Cladera, Josep. â€Å"Residential mobility and foreign immigration settlement in the Metropolitan area of Barcelona.† Sixth European Urban and Regional Studies Conference. 7 Dec 2007 . Rossi, Melissa. â€Å"The Barcelona Model.† IES Barcelona. 02 Feb 2004. IES Barcelona. 6 Dec 2007 .

My Philosophy of Education Essay -- Philosophy of Education Teaching T

My Philosophy of Education TEACHER ROLES: I believe that the teacher of elementary students has many roles. I will sometimes be a facilitator-guide, sometimes a supportive, nurturing mother-like figure, and sometimes a sage who imparts knowledge. I will encourage my students to become more self-aware and self-managing. I believe that elementary school teachers must focus significant classroom time on the acquisition of social and community skills such as mutual respect, cooperation, friendship-building skills, and kindness. INTELLECTUAL DEVELOPMENT: In order to be prepared for our rapidly changing, global society, children must begin early to learn how to think critically and to question. I will plan a curriculum which demands my students to analyze and to judge, especially in the disciplines of writing, social studies, and science. MOTIVATION: I believe that teaching and learning are creative and very social. In order for classroom learning to take place at all, there must exist in the community a sense of order and rules. In order for order to exist, students must learn to become self-managers. I will need to convince my students that it is in their best interest to behave appropriately. I will need to convince them that good things will immediately happen to them if they make good behavior choices. In addition to motivation toward good behavior, I will often need to help motivate my students in their pursuit of learning. Providing motivation and persuasion are crit...